Bend

A non-angular alignment that constantly moves the direction away from the straight. (Lexicographical definition). There are two types of bends used on the straight of roads, as follows: - Ground level *Circular: these are the most common. *Transition: these allow straight alignments to link with circular ones. They are called ?horizontal transition bends' or ground level bend that eases the gradual transit from a rectilinear course to a circular bend or between two circular bends with different ratios. The transition bend used is the clothoid bend. - Elevated These are called ?horizontal transition bends' and defined as elevated bends that link two differently inclined slopes. The transition bend that is used is the parabola bend.

Bend

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