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Mining

This is the physical separation of the minerals or rocks during the excavation process. Hand mining is when this is carried out directly by an operator using a tool or machine held by himself (pneumatic power-hammer). If non-portable machines are used (digging machine, minelayers, drill rigs, roadheaders and others) where man's intervention is that of location and working control, this is called mechanised mining. When explosives are used this is called blasting although this requires drilling boreholes beforehand.